Resources

Visualization by iDE. An illustrated portrayal of our sanitation marketing strategies in six countries. 8pp, 2017 (2.2mb pdf)

Cost effectiveness—the amount of program funding required to facilitate each latrine sale—improves over time as our work to build sanitation markets takes hold. 6pp, 2018 (500kb pdf)

Focusing on the effects of floods, storms, and drought, this research investigates how climate vulnerability correlates with toilet dysfunction and abandonment in rural Cambodia. 21pp, 2024

A research brief on a sustainability study developed and conducted by iDE to assess LBO sustainability. 5pp, 2021 (1.2mb pdf)

A report on our partnership with Engineers Without Borders Australia to develop and test market-viable sanitation technology in challenging environments. 5pp, 2021 (1.1mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE that describes how iDE contextualized an alternating dual pit design that helps rural populations safely manage sanitation. 7pp, 2020 (1mb pdf)

Communications Brief by iDE. What do rural households intend to do when their latrine pits are full. 4pp, 2020 (2mb pdf)

Sanitation Market Scale-Up (SMSU) was the first sanitation marketing program to reach scale in the developing world. Now in its third phase, it's helping to drive over 1600 villages to achieve open defecation free (ODF) status in six provinces. 4pp, 2019 (1.1mb pdf)

How can we reach the poorest with sanitation without distorting and damaging the market? Carefully targeted, verifiable subsidies. 4pp, 2019 (1.3mb pdf)

How can we reach Open Defecation Free status with market-based approaches? First, know your context and develop grassroots networks. 3pp, 2023 (1.55mb pdf)

Policy Brief by iDE. Evidence from an independent research study showing that iDE's interventions led to significant increases in latrine coverage and reduction of diarrheal diseases. 6pp, 2018 (0.5mb pdf)

Policy Brief by iDE. Evidence from a randomized control trial in Cambodia on the efficacy of smart subsidies to increase sanitation coverage among the poor without market distortion. 6pp, 2017. (208 kb), 2017 (0.2mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE. Highlights of a latrine shelter designed in Cambodia specifically for people with disabilities. 2pp, 2017 (1.6mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE. Real-time data: synchronizing sales, production, and installation for 250 independent sales agents and 150 independent producers to deliver latrines in rural Cambodia at scale., 2017 (1.0mb pdf)

Learning Note by iDE that describes how iDE’s experiment with financial incentives enabled the success of the largest scale improved rural sanitation marketing development program to date. 11pp , 2016 (1.5mb pdf)

Briefing Paper presented by iDE at WEDC conference. A report on measuring the sustainability of iDE's sanitation marketing efforts in Cambodia. 6pp, 2016 (0.5mb pdf)

Research Brief by iDE Cambodia linking climate vulnerability, latrine functionality, and fecal sludge management in rural Cambodia. 5 pp, 2021 (1.7 mb pdf)

HCD report by iDE's inCompass team. Summary of user research, prototyping, and product design for iDE Cambodia's Easy Shelter. 134pp, 2015 (12.6mb pdf)

HCD report by iDE. Final report on resarch and early prototyping of a latrine for challenging environments in Cambodia, such as areas that experience seasonal flooding or have high ground water. 170pp, 2012 (6.6mb pdf)

HCD report by iDE. A summary of research to understand the needs and psychology of customers in rural Cambodia in order to increase demand for affordable latrines. 111pp, 2012 (9.5mb pdf)

HCD report by iDE. A summary of HCD user insights and learnings from latrine design prototypes under iDE Cambodia's Sanitation Marketing Pilot Project. 94pp, 2009 (6.1mb pdf)

HCD report by iDE. A summary of HCD user insights and latrine design principles from iDE Cambodia's Sanitation Marketing Pilot Project. 121pp, 2009 (11.5mb pdf)

Research article published in Environmental Science & Technology on findings from a discrete choice experiment to understand rural households’ preferences for four different FSM-service attributes across five provinces in Cambodia. 10 pp, 2021.

Research article published in Journal of Water, Sanitation & Hygiene For Development on findings from our research to help predict FSM behaviors and improve FSM service delivery, behavior change campaigns, and product design. 2021

Learning Note prepared by the Water and Sanitation Program of the World Bank. Lessons learned from using behavior change communications to expand latrine coverage in rural Cambodia. 8pp, 2015 (5.5mb pdf)

Learning Note prepared by the Water and Sanitation Program of the World Bank. Lessons learned from introducing microfinance loans for sanitation in rural Cambodia. 8pp, 2014 (1.3mb pdf)

Report by HYSTRA for the Toilet Board Coalition. Strategies for overcoming challenges to marketing sanitation in both sustainabiity and scale, highlighting opportunities for large corporations to contribute to solving the sanitation crisis. 120pp, 2014 (9.8mb pdf)

Field Note prepared by the Water and Sanitation Program of the World Bank. Insights and lessons learned from iDE Cambodia's Sanitation Marketing Pilot Project. 28pp, 2012 (1.6mb pdf)

Field Note prepared by the Water and Sanitation Program of the World Bank. A summary of research on customer demand for latrines and the supply of latrines by the private sector. 24pp, 2008 (2.3mb pdf)

Impact Evaluation Report by Causal Design. Results from a randomized controlled trial in Cambodia on the efficacy of smart subsidies to increase sanitation coverage among the poor without market distortion. 42 pp, 2017 (2.3mb pdf)

Study commissioned by WSSCC to examine to what extent Global Sanitation Fund supported programmes enabled safely managed sanitation services in rural areas. 150 pp

Case study by iDE, written by Michael Roberts. Concise history and analysis of the creation, scale-up, and sustainability of Hydrologic, a social enterprise established in Cambodia to supply clean water filters. 9pp, 2015 (6.7mb pdf)

Study by Joe Brown and Mark Sobsey, University of North Carolina School of Public Health. An independent follow-up assessment of two large-scale implementations of the household-scale ceramic drinking water purifier (CWP) in Cambodia after 2 and 4 years in use. 38pp, 2006 (0.4mb pdf)

Tactic report by iDE. Solutions designed for the local context lead to behavior change and improved health in developing countries. 8pp, 2020 (1.2mb pdf)

Brochure by iDE. Celebration of a major milestone in Vietnam. Government partners leveraged the power of the private sector to improve the lives and health of over 125,000 rural Vietnamese people. 12pp (9.3mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE. This report describes an innovative approach to train the government to build supply and demand for WASH. The report outlines the ToT approach, how to assess capacity, lessons learned, and impact to date. 8pp, 2017 (5.2mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE. This tactic report by iDE Nepal outlines the key elements of their Sanitation Marketing program's success and lays out a vision for increasing sanitation coverage rates in Nepal. 8pp (3.5mb pdf)

Evaluation report by iDE. The results of a quasi-experimental impact evaluation on a hand hygiene contest to raise awareness. 20pp, 2018 (451kb pdf)

Brochure by iDE. Celebration of a major milestone in Bangladesh. Describes how we dedicated two years to lay the foundation for this market system, and then a year and a half to catalyze sales. 7pp, 2017 (2.5mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE. iDE's experience over three decades in designing marketing strategies to reach rural customers in Bangladesh. 6pp, 2016 (2.9mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE. Business associations link national manufacturers to last-mile customers in rural Bangladesh., 2016 (5.4mb pdf)

Tactic Report by iDE. Coordinating sanitation approaches maximizes impact in Bangladesh. 6pp, 2016 (3.4mb pdf)

HCD report by iDE. HCD field research insights and learnings to strengthen the market for hygienic sanitation and identify opportunities for sanitation marketing in Bangladesh’s Rajshahi district. 144 pp, 2012 (11.4mb pdf)

Insights Report by iDE. iDE's insights into how market segmentation can increase latrine uptake among hard-to-reach consumer segments. 8pp, 2016 (5.8mb pdf)

Insights Report by iDE. Brining the public, private, and development sectors together helps address Bangladesh's sanitation challenges. 8pp, 2017 (4.4mb pdf)